Clinical Assessment and Management of Depression in a Primary Care Telehealth Setting Simulation

This telehealth simulation focuses on person-centered assessment, diagnosis, and management of major depressive disorder in an adult primary care setting. The scenario emphasizes advanced communication, clinical reasoning, and evidence-based decision-making aligned with AACN Essentials Domain 2.

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Advanced-Level Nursing Practice Scenarios: An Overview

Learning Outcomes

The following learning outcomes are organized by simulation objectives (Critical elements included under SP checklist in the scenario document above) and show alignment between AACN's and NONPF's sets of competencies and sub-competencies.

Simulation Objectives

During the simulation, the learner will have the opportunity to demonstrate, practice, receive feedback, and learn:

Competency & Sub-competencies Progression Indicator(s)^
(Developing)
NONPF NP Role Competencies & Sub-Competencies* Assessment**

2.3: Integrate assessment skills in practice. 

  • 2.3h: Demonstrate that one’s practice is informed by a comprehensive assessment appropriate to the functional area of advanced nursing practice. 
  • 2.3h: Gather assessment data relevant to the patient’s condition and advanced practice specialty.
  • 2.3h: Apply advanced nursing knowledge to interpret assessment findings within specific functional areas. 

NP 2.3: Integrate advanced assessment in NP practice.

  • NP 2.3i: Utilize advanced critical thinking to determine the appropriate focused or comprehensive relevant patient history.
  • NP 2.3j: Apply advanced assessment skills to perform a comprehensive patient physical assessment utilizing appropriate techniques.
  • NP 2.3k: Apply advanced assessment skills to perform a focused patient physical assessment utilizing appropriate techniques.
  • NP 2.3l: Order the appropriate diagnostic and screening tests based on patient's risk factors and chief complaint.
  • NP 2.3m: Identify health risk factors.
  • NP 2.3n: Evaluate determinants of health that may influence the patient's well-being.
  • NP 2.3o: Utilize appropriate evidence-based screening tools.
  • NP 2.3p: Document comprehensive history, screening, and assessment.

Assessment and synthesis of relevant clinical data.
Consider implementing all of the following options:

  1. Attached Learner self-assessment: Post-encounter SOAP Note Reflection.
  2. SP Checklist – Clinical Actions.
  3. Debriefing questions

Domain 2 competency progression.
Consider implementing one of the following options:

  1. NPSCA (Ainslie et al., 2024; Pintz et al., 2025).
  2. C-CEI 2.0 © (Manz & Todd, 2025; Todd et al., 2023; Todd et al., 2023).
  3. Other competency assessment tool with evidence of validity and reliability.

8.2: Use information and communication technology to gather data, create information, and generate knowledge.

  • 8.2f: Generate information and knowledge from health information technology databases.
  • 8.2f. Retrieve and organize relevant clinical data from health information technology (HIT) databases.

NP 8.2: Use information and communication technologies to gather data, create information, and generate knowledge.

  • NP 8.2k: Analyze data to impact care delivery at the person, population, or systems’ levels.

 

Competency & Sub-competencies Progression Indicator(s)^
(Developing)
NONPF NP Role Competencies & Sub-Competencies* Assessment**

2.4: Diagnose actual or potential health problems and needs.

  • 2.4f: Employ context driven, advanced reasoning to the diagnostic and decision-making process.
  • 2.4g: Integrate advanced scientific knowledge to guide decision making.
  •  2.4f: Analyze practice situations holistically using an unbiased and systematic approach.
  • 2.4f: Ask targeted, evidence-based questions to assess diagnostic priorities.
  • 2.4f: Recognize emerging patterns in patient data to identify potential diagnoses using advanced reasoning frameworks.
  • 2.4f: Develop initial differential diagnoses aligning with the patient, system, or population context.
  • 2.4g: Incorporate the best available scientific evidence, clinical guidelines, and research findings into decision-making.
  • 2.4g: Apply advanced scientific concepts to healthcare delivery. 

NP 2.4: Diagnose actual or potential health problems and needs.

  • NP 2.4h: Analyze physical findings to differentiate between normal, variations of normal, and signs of pathology to formulate actual and differential diagnoses.
  • NP 2.4i: Utilize diagnostic reasoning to formulate actual and differential diagnoses.

Prioritized differential diagnosis.
Consider implementing both of the following options:

  1. Attached learner self-assessment: Post-encounter SOAP Note Reflection. 
    Note: this reflection integrates elements of the individual diagnostic competencies (Olson et al., 2019).
  2. Debriefing questions 

Domain 2 competency progression.
Consider implementing one of the following options:

  1. NPSCA (Ainslie et al., 2024; Pintz et al., 2025).
  2. C-CEI 2.0 © (Manz & Todd, 2025; Todd et al., 2023; Todd et al., 2023).
  3. Other competency assessment tool with evidence of validity and reliability.

 

Competency & Sub-competencies Progression Indicator(s)^
(Developing)
NONPF NP Role Competencies & Sub-Competencies* Assessment**

2.5: Develop a plan of care.

  • 2.5i: Prioritize risk mitigation strategies to prevent or reduce adverse outcomes. 
  • 2.5j: Develop evidence-based interventions to improve outcomes and safety.
  •  2.5i: Educate the patient and other stakeholders on strategies to minimize risks and promote adherence to preventive measures.
  • 2.5j: Document relevant evidence to inform intervention selection.
  • 2.5j: Prioritize interventions enhancing patient safety and minimizing potential harm.

NP 2.5: Manage care of individuals.

  • NP 2.5l: Synthesize data to develop and initiate a person-centered plan of care.
  • NP 2.5m: Prescribe medications safely and accurately using patient data and following legal and regulatory guidelines.
  • NP 2.5n: Order appropriate nonpharmacological interventions. 
    NP 2.5o: Anticipate risks and take action to mitigate adverse events.

Treatment plan for a patient with major depressive disorder.
Consider implementing all of the following options:

  1. SP Checklist- Clinical Actions.
  2. Attached learner self-assessment: Post-encounter SOAP Note Reflection.
  3. Debriefing questions.

Domain 2 competency progression.
Consider implementing one of the following options:

  1. NPSCA (Ainslie et al., 2024; Pintz et al., 2025).
  2. C-CEI 2.0 © (Manz & Todd, 2025; Todd et al., 2023; Todd et al., 2023).
  3. Other competency assessment tool with evidence of validity and reliability.

 

Competency & Sub-competencies Progression Indicator(s)^
(Developing)
NONPF NP Role Competencies & Sub-Competencies* Assessment**

8.4: Use information and communication technology to support documentation of care and communication among providers, patients, and all system levels

  • 8.4f: Employ electronic health, mobile health, and telehealth systems to enable quality, ethical, and efficient patient care.
  • 8.4f: Utilize telehealth platforms to conduct patient assessments, provide education, and deliver care to remote or underserved populations.

NP 8.4: Use information and communication technology to support documentation of care and communication among providers, patients, and all system levels.

  • No specific sub-competency.

Telehealth skill development.
Consider implementing one or more of the following options:

  1. iSOAP Framework Checklist (Chike-Harris et al., 2021).
  2. Attached “SP Checklist – Telehealth.”
  3. Debriefing questions

 

Competency & Sub-competencies Progression Indicator(s)^
(Developing)
NONPF NP Role Competencies & Sub-Competencies* Assessment**

9.3: Demonstrate accountability to the individual, society, and the profession.

  • 9.3i: Advocate for nursing’s professional responsibility for ensuring optimal care outcomes.
  • 9.3l: Foster a practice environment that promotes accountability for care outcomes.
  • 9.3i: Promote adherence to professional responsibilities that directly impact patient safety and care quality.
  • 9.3l: Articulate one’s role in contributing to patient outcomes.

No specific competency/sub-competency.

Professional identity and role transition. 
Consider implementing both of the following options:

  1. Self-assessment: Post-simulation written reflection.
  2. Debriefing questions

 

9.5: Demonstrate the professional identity of nursing.

  • 9.5g: Evaluate practice environment to ensure that nursing core values are demonstrated.
  • 9.5g: Assess the presence of core values in practice environments.

 

^ This case was specifically developed for the above listed progression indicators. However, programs should determine the appropriate level of progression indicators—developing or developed—based on their curriculum sequence and the specific course in which the scenario is implemented.

* In this simulation scenario, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (2021) Essentials and progression indicators are aligned with the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF) (2022) Nurse Practitioner Role Competencies, as well as corresponding simulation objectives. Educators should ensure that all simulation objectives and critical elements are explicitly mapped to the relevant professional competencies and behaviors for their specific educational program. (National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties, (2022). National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties’ Nurse Practitioner Role Competencies. https://www.nonpf.org/page/DNPComps)

** This simulation scenario is designed as a formative learning experience in which multimodal assessment strategies are blended to generate comprehensive and individualized feedback for learners that supports competency progression. Multimodal assessment refers to the use of multiple, complementary methods to evaluate learner performance, drawing on converging lines of evidence to capture the complexity and breadth of competency (Schwengel et al., 2024; Smirnova et al., 2025). The Assessment within Simulation-Based Education figure (see scenario document) provides faculty with a structured framework for integrating multimodal assessment practices tailored to the formative simulation-based learning environment (Schwengel et al., 2024; Smirnova et al., 2025; Ward et al., 2023; Roussin et al., 2020; Fey et al., 2022).